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Learners often face difficulties in expressing ideas verbally, organizing sentences correctly, and using proper language structure. Therefore, the utilization of deep structure, which is an important concept in Noam Chomsky's theory of generative linguistics, can be a relevant theoretical foundation for improving learners' language skills in this regard. This study aims to analyze the potential of deep structure in developing learners' language performance through those involving theoretical exploration of Noam Chomsky's thinking. This research uses a qualitative approach with a type of text study. The data is analyzed using triangulation of data sources to achieve valid degrees. Through literature study and theoretical exploration of Noam Chomsky's thought, it was found that the use of deep structure in developing learners' language performance at the fundamental level has significant potential. Understanding deep structure can help learners organize sentences correctly, use proper language structure, and express ideas more effectively. Thus, this approach can be an important foundation in improving students' language skills and enriching the learning process in maharah kalam. This research provides valuable new insights for curriculum development and language teaching strategies at higher education levels.