Prevention of Cerebral Malaria Hypoxia through administration of Neem leaves extract (Azadirachta indica) in Mice C57BL

Rahmah, Zainabur ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-6891, Arif, Camila Hafidha, Milliana, Alvi, Indriana, Nurfianti and Nashichuddin, Ach. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8273-8878 (2024) Prevention of Cerebral Malaria Hypoxia through administration of Neem leaves extract (Azadirachta indica) in Mice C57BL. Prevention of Cerebral Malaria Hypoxia through administration of Neem leaves extract (Azadirachta indica) in Mice C57BL, 17 (1). ISSN 0974-360X

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Abstract

Background: Cerebral malaria is the most serious complication of malaria infection. Plasmodium falciparum is
the most common cause of cerebral malaria. Pathomechanisms underlying the severity of cerebral malaria
include parasite ability, parasitemia degree, host inflammatory response, sequestration, disruption of the blood
brain barrier (BBB), and brain hypoxia. Hypoxia causes cells to produce transcription factors such as the HIF-2α
protein. The development of antimalarial drugs is based on fatal complications caused by hypoxia in cerebral
malaria. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of antihypoxia in cerebral malaria using natural
materials, one of which is leaves (Azadirachta indica). Methods: Inoculation of Plasmodium berghei strain
ANKA in C57BL mice aged 13-16 weeks. Parasitemia calculations were performed every day from the blood of
the mouse tails. Treatment was given using 96% ethanol extract from neem leaves with dose of 8mg, 12mg, and
16mg orally for 6days. As treatment comparisons, there were also negative controls, positive controls, and
healthy controls. Brain tissue was isolated on the seventh day to study the expression of p>0.05). The hypothesis
is tested using a one-way ANOVA test with post-hoc LSD test and Pearson's correlation test. Results: The
administration of neem leaf extract significantly reduced parasitemia and hypoxia (p<0,000). Meanwhile, the
correlation test revealed a very strong relationship (r=+0.732) between parasitemia and hypoxia. Conclusion:
Neem leaf extract administration reduces parasitemia and prevents hypoxia in mice induced by cerebral malaria

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	Hypoxia, Parasitemia, Cerebral malaria, Neem leaves, Azadirachta indica.
Subjects:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1118 Diseases > 111803 Parasitic Diseases > 11180313 Protozoan Infections
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences > Department of Medical Education
Depositing User:	Dr Zainabur Rahmah
Date Deposited:	21 Feb 2024 11:12

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