Normative justice and implementation of sharia economic law disputes: Questioning law certainty and justice

Huda, Miftakhul, Sumbulah, Umi and Nasrulloh, Nasrulloh (2024) Normative justice and implementation of sharia economic law disputes: Questioning law certainty and justice. Petita: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah, 9 (1). pp. 340-356. ISSN 2502-8006; 2549-8274

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Abstract

The academic problem stems from the outcomes of decisions issued by Religious Courtconcerning sharia economic disputes, which fail to meet the criteria of certainty and justice, both at the normative (book in law) and implementation (law in action)levels. The losing parties can only file objections for simple cases and submit an appeal, which contradicts the principle of direct justice (speedy trial). Therefore, This research aimsto analyze thisissue. The theoretical frameworks employed in this research include the theoriesof legal certainty and justice, sulhtheory, and the theory of judicial power. The findings of the research demonstratethat for the decisions of judges regarding Sharia economic disputes in Religious Courts to meet the requirements of legal certainty and justice, they must adhere to Sharia principles, including: refraining from making things difficult (‘adam al-haraj), reducing burdens (taqlil al-taklif),periodically determining laws, andin line with universal benefitand ensuring equality and justice (al-musawah wa al-ilah). Additionally, the decisions of the panel of judges in examining, deciding and resolving the case are guided by government laws/regulations, Perma, KHES, and Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh)and the judge's ijtihad.

Problem akademik bermula dari hasil produk putusan yang dikeluarkan oleh Pengadilan Agama berkaitan dengan sengketa ekonomi syariah, belum memenuhi unsur kepastian dan keadilan, baik dari tataran hukum normatif (book in law) maupun implementatif (law in action). Para pihak yang kalah hanya dapat mengajukan keberatan untuk perkara sederhana dan mengajukan banding. Sehingga hal tersebut bertolak belakang dengan asas contante justitie(speedy trial). Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tentang hal tersebut. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain teori kepastian dan keadilan hukum, teori sulh, serta teori kekuasaan kehakiman. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa hasil putusan Hakim berkaitan dengan sengketa ekonomi syariah di Pengadilan Agamaagar memenuhi unsur kepastian dan keadilan hukum harus merujuk pada prinsip syariah, meliputi : tidak mempersulit (‘adam al-haraj), mengurangi beban (taqlil al-taklif), penetapan hukum secara periodik, sejalan dengan kemaslahatan universal, dan persamaan dan keadilan (al-musawah wa al-adalah). Selain itu hasil putusan majelis hakim dalam memeriksa, memutus dan menyelesaikan perkara tersebut dilakukan dengan merujuk pada Undang-undang/peraturan pemerintah, Perma, KHES, dan fiqh islam dan ijtihad hakim.

Item Type: Journal Article
Keywords: normative and implementation justice; sharia economic law disputes; legal certainty and justice; keadilan normatif dan implementatif; sengketa hukum ekonomi syariah; kepastian dan keadilan hukum
Subjects: 18 LAW AND LEGAL STUDIES > 1801 Law > 180119 Law and Society
Divisions: Faculty of Sharia and Law > Department al-Ahwal al-Syakhshiyyah
Depositing User: Mufid Mufid
Date Deposited: 06 May 2024 14:01

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