Social Movement of Sufism Order in Türkiye: Ideologization, Movement and Conflict Resolution

Prastyo, Angga Teguh ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4572-6801, Bakar, Abu ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6039-9550, Khasani, Fahim ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7934-2999, Baharuddin, Baharuddin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5809-1862, Ghaffar, Abdul, Setyo Marandy, Yuniar and Bahri Gundogdu, Yusuf (2025) Social Movement of Sufism Order in Türkiye: Ideologization, Movement and Conflict Resolution. Research Report. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang.

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Abstract

This study investigates the social movement dynamics of Sufi orders in Türkiye by examining the intertwined processes of ideologization, collective action, and conflict resolution from the late Ottoman period to the contemporary Republic. While existing scholarship predominantly focuses on ritual life, charismatic authority, or the legal restrictions imposed on Sufi institutions, it often overlooks the broader socio-intellectual and political arenas in which these orders actively renegotiate their relevance. This research addresses that gap by analyzing how Sufi networks transform spiritual capital into ideological narratives, mobilize followers across urban and rural settings, and adapt to state pressures within a secular political framework. Methodologically, the study employs semi-structured interviews and participant observations conducted between 27 July and 10 August 2025, supported by archival materials and organizational records. These data illuminate the internal debates within Sufi communities regarding mission, legitimacy, and public engagement. Findings reveal that ideologization within Sufi orders is not a deviation from tradition but a strategic response to modernity, nationalism, and evolving state–religion relations. The research also shows that conflict resolution practices, ranging from negotiation with authorities to intra-order mediation, are deeply informed by maqāṣid-based ethical reasoning, enabling Sufi actors to sustain authority while minimizing confrontation. By situating Sufi orders within the framework of social movement theory, this study demonstrates that they function not merely as spiritual associations but as adaptive socio-religious actors capable of ideological innovation and constructive conflict management. The study contributes new insights into how Sufi orders maintain continuity, negotiate legitimacy, and shape Islamic discourse in modern Türkiye.

Item Type:	Research (Research Report)
Keywords:	Keywords: Sufism; social movement; ideologization; conflict resolution; Türkiye
Subjects:	13 EDUCATION > 1301 Education Systems > 130101 Continuing and Community Education 13 EDUCATION > 1303 Specialist Studies In Education > 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership 16 STUDIES IN HUMAN SOCIETY > 1608 Sociology > 160810 Urban Sociology and Community Studies
Divisions:	Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching Training > Department of Islamic Education Management
Depositing User:	Angga Teguh Prastyo
Date Deposited:	05 Dec 2025 18:06

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