Policy analysis of inclusive education in madrasahs in East Java, Indonesia: A maqāṣid sharī’ah perspective

Kawakip, Akhmad Nurul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4801-579X, Murfi, Ali ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-6476 and Taufik, Taufik ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-7268 (2026) Policy analysis of inclusive education in madrasahs in East Java, Indonesia: A maqāṣid sharī’ah perspective. Journal of Education in Muslim Societies (JEMS), 7 (2). pp. 27-46. ISSN 2641-0044

Preview

Text 27520.pdf - Published Version Download (1MB) | Preview

Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of inclusive education policies in Indonesian madrasahs by assessing policy effectiveness, challenges in practice, and the relevance of maqāṣid sharī’ah in developing a more inclusive and equitable education system. Employing a multiple case study approach, data were collected from three cities in East Java through 15 in-depth interviews, participatory observations, document analysis, and two Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sessions. The analysis was conducted manually using open, axial, and selective coding. The findings reveal that madrasahs adopt inclusive education based on national policies and Islamic values (hifẓ al-’aql and al-’adālah), yet they continue to face structural and social barriers. The main challenges include the lack of official recognition for Special Education Support Teachers (Guru Pendamping Khusus, GPK) within the national administrative system, limited training for regular teachers, and persistent social stigma against students with special needs. Curriculum adaptations remain unsystematic and largely depend on the internal policies of individual madrasahs. This study contributes to the literature by integrating maqāṣid sharī’ah as an analytical framework for inclusive education policy, an area that has received limited scholarly attention. Policy reforms are necessary to formally recognize the role of GPK, enhance teacher training programs, and strengthen inclusive cultural practices within madrasahs. By combining Islamic values with a more systematic policy approach, madrasahs can become a progressive and equitable model for inclusive education within Indonesia’s Islamic education system.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	education; madrasah; maqāṣid sharī’ah; education policy; special education support teachers (gpk)
Subjects:	13 EDUCATION > 1303 Specialist Studies In Education > 130312 Special Education and Disability
Divisions:	Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching Training > Department of Islamic Education
Depositing User:	Akhmad Nurul Kawakip
Date Deposited:	22 Jun 2026 09:15

Downloads

Origin of downloads

Actions (login required)

View Item