Metabolite profiling famili Asteraceae (Kenikir, Bunga Matahari, Krisan) dengan metode HPTLC dan principal component analysis (PCA)

Mutiah, Roihatul, Hayati, Elok Kamilah and Andiartama, Amanda Milano (2025) Metabolite profiling famili Asteraceae (Kenikir, Bunga Matahari, Krisan) dengan metode HPTLC dan principal component analysis (PCA). Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, 18 (1). pp. 57-71. ISSN 1979-892X; E-ISSN 2354-8797

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Abstract

ENGLISH

Plants from the Asteraceae family in Indonesia have high bioactive potential due to their content of compounds such as lactones, alkaloids, and tannins. This study aims to analyze the metabolite profile of the leaves of kenikir, sunflower, and chrysanthemum from the Asteraceae family using a metabolomics approach. Leaf extracts were obtained through ultrasonic extraction with 96% ethanol and analyzed using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Visualization was performed using a TLC Visualizer instrument and ImageJ software, resulting in densitograms. Metabolite profiling using HPTLC and PCA analysis has practical implications for strengthening quality control and phytochemical standardization through species authentication, metabolite marker identification, and ensuring product consistency of Asteraceae-based herbal preparations. The results showed differences in the number of nodas and colour intensity among samples. PCA results indicated that metabolite distributions clustered in different areas, with a total variation of 72.5% (PC1 = 56.5% and PC2 = 15.9%). Heatmap analysis showed that sunflower leaf extract had the highest intensity of active compounds, indicated by a darker red area due to the highest AUC value. This study demonstrated that there are differences in metabolite profiles among the three plants from the same family.

INDONESIA

Tanaman dari famili Asteraceae di Indonesia memiliki berbagai potensi bioaktif yang tinggi karena kandungan senyawa seperti lakton, alkaloid, dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil metabolit daun kenikir, bunga matahari, dan krisan yang berasal dari famili Asteraceae dengan pendekatan metabolomik. Ekstrak daun diperoleh melalui ekstraksi ultrasonik dengan etanol 96% dan dianalisis menggunakan High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Visualisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen TLC Visualizer dan perangkat lunak ImageJ, sehingga menghasilkan densitogram. Profil metabolit dengan HPTLC dan analisis PCA berimplikasi pada penguatan kontrol kualitas dan standarisasi fitokimia melalui autentikasi spesies, identifikasi marker metabolit, serta penjaminan konsistensi mutu produk herbal berbasis Asteraceae. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan jumlah noda dan intensitas warna antar sampel. Hasil PCA menunjukkan sebaran metabolit mengelompok pada area yang berbeda, dengan total variasi 72,5% (PC1 = 56,5% dan PC2 = 15,9%). Analisis Heatmap menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun bunga matahari memiliki intensitas senyawa aktif tertinggi, yang ditandai dengan area merah yang lebih pekat akibat nilai AUC tertinggi. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdeapat perbedaan profil metabolit pada ketiga tanaman yang berasal dari famili yang sama.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	metabolite profile; Asteraceae; HPTLC; principal component analysis; profil metabolit; Asteraceae; HPTLC; principal component analysis
Subjects:	03 CHEMICAL SCIENCES > 0301 Analytical Chemistry > 030101 Analytical Spectrometry 03 CHEMICAL SCIENCES > 0301 Analytical Chemistry 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Elok Kamilah Hayati
Date Deposited:	10 Jul 2026 15:25

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