Chemometric analysis of thin-layer chromatography fingerprints and antioxidant activity of n-hexane extracts from piperaceae (piper betle, piper crocatum, peperomia pellucida)

Jannah, Miftachul and Hayati, Elok Kamilah (2026) Chemometric analysis of thin-layer chromatography fingerprints and antioxidant activity of n-hexane extracts from piperaceae (piper betle, piper crocatum, peperomia pellucida). Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, 19 (1). pp. 40-56. ISSN 1979-892X; E-ISSN 2354-8797

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Abstract

The use of medicinal plants is increasing as knowledge about bioactive compounds, such as those found in betel plants. Differences between species in the same family (Piper betle L., Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) require identification to avoid herbal medicine counterfeiting. The metabolomic approach in this study, based on untargeted compounds, uses thin-layer chromatography to determine the metabolite profiles of the three betel species. The TLC results were visualized using the ImageJ application to obtain quantitative data. Data processing was continued using chemometric methods with PCA to group species and OPLS-DA to identify Rf values that might have antioxidant potential. The PCA results, with two main components totaling 94%, successfully grouped the three species of the family Piperaceae, indicating differences in their respective metabolite profiles. The OPLS-DA results effectively separated the samples based on antioxidant activity into two categories strong (Piper betle L.) and weak (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth), with Rf values of 7, 9, and 14 as the main contributors. Rf 9 was selected for further analysis using FTIR because it has the best VIP and p-value. These findings support the importance of a metabolomic approach for quality control and authentication of medicinal raw materials.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	betel leaf; thin layer chromatography; antioxidant; pca; opls-da
Subjects:	03 CHEMICAL SCIENCES > 0301 Analytical Chemistry > 030108 Separation Science
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Elok Kamilah Hayati
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2026 08:45

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