Epistemology of traditional Islamic education: The Bayani method of Shaykh Hasyim Ash'ari in the book of Adabul Alim Wal Muta'allim

Ashar, Nurul, Soleh, Achmad Khudori ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5145-6046 and Syaifuddin, Helmi (2026) Epistemology of traditional Islamic education: The Bayani method of Shaykh Hasyim Ash'ari in the book of Adabul Alim Wal Muta'allim. International Journal of Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Education, 5 (9). pp. 1142-1153. ISSN 2833-4531

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Abstract

Research on KH's educational thinking. Hasyim Ash'ari has so far highlighted more aspects of ethics and morality in the book Adabul Alim wal Muta'allim, while an in-depth philosophical study of the epistemological foundations underlying the edifices of his educational thought remains limited. In fact, understanding the frame of thought (bayani) used by Hasyim Asy'ari in constructing the scientific system of traditional Islamic education is key to capturing the full scope of the educational vision he offers. This article aims to uncover the epistemology of traditional Islamic education through the bayani method of Shaykh Hasyim Ash'ari as stated in the book Adabul Alim wal Muta'allim. This study uses a qualitative method with a content analysis approach to the primary source of the book Adabul Alim wal Muta'allim as well as secondary sources in the form of journal articles, books, and related theses. The results of the study show that the epistemology of Hasyim Ash'ari's thought is colored by the approaches of bayani, burhani, irfani, and authoritarianism, with the bayani method as the dominant framework that positions the text (the Qur'an and hadith) as the primary source of truth and law. In the book Adabul Alim wal Muta'allim, the bayani method is not only applied to the understanding of religious texts but also serves as the basis for the ethical formation of educators and students, the scientific sanad, and the balance between tafaqquh fi al-din and moral formation. Science and morals are placed as mutually reinforcing epistemological dimensions, while the ultimate goal of education is oriented to the benefit of the people. This article contributes to academic development by providing a comprehensive epistemological analysis framework for Hasyim Asy'ari's educational thought, as well as providing recommendations for contemporary Islamic education policies in Indonesia so as not to lose the roots of a strong scientific tradition in the midst of globalization and digitalization

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	bayani epistemology; traditional islamic education; hasyim ash'ari; adabul alim wal muta'allim; educational methods; pesantren; adab
Subjects:	22 PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES > 2203 Philosophy
Divisions:	Faculty of Psychology
Depositing User:	Dr Achmad Khudori Soleh
Date Deposited:	21 Sep 2026 10:32

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