Optimization, stability, and irritation test of halal non-aromatic stick deodorant

Rahmayanti, Mayu ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1488, Hasanah, Imrotul, Anggraini, Dwi, Jabbar, Jauharuddin Luthfi Al ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-6751, Dewi, Tanaya Jati Dharma and Syarifuddin, Sadli ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9045-5739 (2026) Optimization, stability, and irritation test of halal non-aromatic stick deodorant. Presented at PLANAR : International Parmacy Ulul Albab Conference & Seminar, 26 November 2025, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.

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Abstract

High temperatures in Mecca cause pilgrims to sweat excessively, leading to body odor. Deodorant sticks are a practical solution that leaves no wet residue and can be developed as a fragrance-free halal cosmetic product suitable for pilgrims who avoid scented formulations during worship. This study aims to optimize the formulation, evaluate physical stability, and assess primary irritation in a halal, unscented stick deodorant based on sunflower seed oil. Formulation optimization was performed using the Simplex Lattice Design method with beeswax, stearic acid, and triethanolamine as the main components. The formulations were evaluated through accelerated testing, room-temperature testing, and irritation testing using albino rabbits. Evaluation parameters included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, adhesion, spreadability, and pH. Data were analyzed using the Paired t-Test in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and the Bonferroni Post Hoc test in Analysis of Variance. The optimal formulation contained 19.80% beeswax, 20% stearic acid, and 0.2% triethanolamine, with a desirability value of 0.926. This formulation demonstrated stable pH, adhesion, spreadability, and homogeneity. The stability test met the required parameters, with significant differences in adhesion and pH values (p = 0.008 and 0.005). The primary irritation test met the parameters with a very mild category that did not cause primary irritation. In conclusion, the optimal halal, fragrance-free sunflower seed oil-based deodorant stick exhibits good physical stability and very mild irritation, making it suitable as a halal cosmetic formulation for Hajj pilgrims.

Item Type:	Conference (Poster)
Keywords:	deodorant stick; sunflower seed oil; simplex lattice design; stability test; irritation test
Subjects:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences > Department of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Mayu Rahmayanti
Date Deposited:	29 Oct 2026 09:01

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