Accumulation of CD4 and CD8 T Cells in Placenta of Malaria Infected Mice Induces the Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) and Low Birth Weight (LBW) of the Fetus

Rahmah, Zainabur ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-6891, Wahyu-Sardjono, Teguh, Enggar-Fitri, Loeki, Ulfiati, Adilah, Ungu, Bougenvil, Zulhaidah-Arthamin, Maimun and Norahmawati, Eviana (2019) Accumulation of CD4 and CD8 T Cells in Placenta of Malaria Infected Mice Induces the Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) and Low Birth Weight (LBW) of the Fetus. Iranian Society of Parasitology, 14 (4). pp. 604-613. ISSN 2008-238x

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Abstract

Background: Placental malaria involves the sequestration of infected erythrocytes and infiltration
of monocytes, helper T cells (CD4), cytotoxic T cells (CD8) as well as T-cell intracellular antigen-1
(TIA-1) in placental intervillous space. These may interferes the nutrient and oxygen transport, causing
placental hypoxia and insufficiency that may affect the fetal growth. This study aimed to prove
whether the infiltration of lymphocytes in placental malaria mice increases the expression of HIF-1α
thus causes fetal Low Birth Weight (LBW).
Methods: Nine pregnant BALB/c mice that infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain on day 9
post mating were used as treatment group and 8 non infected pregnant mice were used as control
group. The mice were sacrificed on day 18 post mating; then the fetus was weighed individually and
the placentas were isolated separately. Expression of CD4, CD8 and HIF-1α were counted by immunohistochemistry
using CD4 monoclonal Ab (Santa cruz, sc-59031 CD4) and CD 8 monoclonal
Ab (NeoMarker RM-9116-S0) as well as anti-HIF-1α antibody (H1α67) ChIP Grade from Abcam.
Results: There was a higher expression of CD8, CD4 and HIF-1α in infected placenta compare to
normal placenta. Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed expression CD8 and
CD4 caused an increase expression of HIF-1α in placenta (t ≥1.96). Expression of HIF-1α caused low
fetal weight (t ≥1.96).
Conclusion: In placental malaria, the expression of CD4 and CD8 induce placental hypoxia characterized
by increased expression of HIF-1α that causes LBW.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Additional Information:	Histological features of placental malaria are characterized by the presence of malaria parasites and mon-ocytes in intervillous space, the presence of pigment (haemozoin) inside the macrophages, the thickening of the trophoblastic basement membrane (TBM).
Keywords:	Placental malaria; CD4; CD8; HIF-1α; Low birth weight
Subjects:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1107 Immunology > 110704 Cellular Immunology
Divisions:	?? JDok ??
Depositing User:	Dr Zainabur Rahmah
Date Deposited:	03 Jun 2020 22:52

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