Mapping the Emotional Labour of Early Childhood Teachers in Indonesia: A Rasch Model Analysis

Elvira, Melly ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6047-5348, Sainuddin, Syamsir ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-0181 and Mukhlis, Akhmad ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8901-5481 (2025) Mapping the Emotional Labour of Early Childhood Teachers in Indonesia: A Rasch Model Analysis. Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion, 4 (4). pp. 1363-1375. ISSN 1363–1375

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Abstract

This study addresses the limited empirical profiling of emotional labor among early childhood teachers in Indonesia by applying the Rasch Rating Scale Model. The research aims to examine teachers’ tendencies in emotional regulation, identify item difficulty levels, and map teacher ability distributions. A total of 312 early childhood teachers participated by completing an emotional labour scale representing four emotional-regulation dimensions. The reported logit range of −0.85 to 0.75 refers specifically to the distribution of item difficulty, which differs from the later reported teacher logit range (−3.5 to +3.2). The analysis revealed high measurement reliability (item reliability = 0.98; person reliability = 0.70) and satisfactory model fit indices. Teachers predominantly demonstrated reflective and authentic emotional regulation, as operationalised by lower difficulty on deep-acting and natural-expression items, indicating these strategies were more readily performed. These findings highlight that emotional labour among Indonesian early childhood teachers is grounded in empathy, warmth, and affective balance, forming an essential foundation for emotionally responsive and humanistic teaching practices.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	emotional-labor, early-childhood-teachers, emotional-regulation, Rasch-model, authentic-expression
Subjects:	13 EDUCATION > 1301 Education Systems > 130102 Early Childhood Education 13 EDUCATION > 1303 Specialist Studies In Education > 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
Divisions:	Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching Training > Department of Islamic Early Childhood Education
Depositing User:	Melly Elvira
Date Deposited:	21 Dec 2025 22:00

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