Development and evaluation of gelatin nanoparticle peel-off gel mask from milkfish (Chanos chanos) bones: Formulation, stability, skin safety, and anti-aging activity

Annisa, Rahmi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-5213, Al Jabbar, Jauharuddin Luthfi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-6751 and Anggraini, Anggraini ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-155X (2026) Development and evaluation of gelatin nanoparticle peel-off gel mask from milkfish (Chanos chanos) bones: Formulation, stability, skin safety, and anti-aging activity. Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A, 9 (10). pp. 1816-1814. ISSN 2645-5676

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Abstract

This study aims to develop and evaluate a peel-off gel mask based on gelatin nanoparticles derived from milkfish (Chanos chanos) bones, a natural biopolymer with potential applications in the cosmetics industry. Gelatin was demineralized with phosphoric acid and converted into nanoparticles via desolvation. The gelatin nanoparticles were formulated into a peel-off gel mask preparation incorporating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and propylene glycol as film formers and humectants. Evaluation of the formulation included physicochemical characteristics (pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, drying time, and organoleptic properties), particle size analysis, and stability testing using heating–cooling cycles, freeze–thaw cycles, and 90-day storage conditions. Skin safety was assessed using the Draize test, while anti-aging effectiveness was evaluated using tyrosinase enzyme inhibition. The results showed that the gelatin-based formulations produced particles in the nanometer range, with particle size varying with gelatin concentration, exhibited good physical stability, caused no skin irritation (PII ≤ 0.5), and demonstrated measurable tyrosinase inhibitory activity. These findings indicate that gelatin nanoparticles derived from milkfish bones have potential as safe, stable, and effective natural active ingredients for anti-aging peel-off gel mask formulations.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	gelatin nanoparticles; peel-off gel mask; milkfish bones; preparation stability; antiaging
Subjects:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences > Department of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Rahmi Annisa
Date Deposited:	29 May 2026 09:54

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